One of the most widely used large animals for cardiovascular studies is the pig. When developing an animal model for a disease, the induced disorder should closely emulate the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the disorder in humans 8, 9. In order to evaluate new methods of diagnostic imaging or treatment, the development of an appropriate animal model is critical. Although there have been many advances in both percutaneous and surgical treatments, as many as one third of patients suffering from CAD are ineligible for these treatments due to age, poor health, or suboptimal anatomy 4, 5, 6, 7. This paper provides a detailed overview of the proper technique for the placement of the ameroid constrictor.Ĭoronary artery disease (CAD), which leads to myocardial ischemia, is the leading cause of disability, death, and health care costs around the world 4 and attributable for approximately 1 out of every 3 deaths in the U.S. The main advantages to using the ameroid are its prevalence in existing research, its availability in various sizes to accommodate the anatomy and size of the vessel to be constricted, the surgery is a relatively simple procedure, and the post-operative monitoring is minimal, since there are no external devices to maintain. Each has its advantages and disadvantages, but the placement of an ameroid constrictor remains the most widely used technique. There are several ways of inducing an ischemic area in the heart.
This model has been used for surgical research, pharmaceutical studies, imaging techniques, and cell therapies. The ameroid placement technique creates an ischemic area of the heart, which has many useful applications in studying myocardial infarction. Its heart is very similar in anatomy and function to that of a human.
The pig is one of the most used large animal models for cardiovascular disease. There are numerous approaches to treating these diseases, but regardless of the approach, an in vivo model is needed to test each treatment. Cardiovascular disease remains the number one cause of mortality in the United States.
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